¹Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göğüs Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Kliniği, ANTALYA The persistent sciatic artery is an anatomical anomaly of the lower limb vasculature, seen rarely. It may be noted incidentally, or it may be presented with a limb ischaemia or aneurysmal degeneration. Management entails exclusion of the aneurysm and vascular reconstruction. Here, we present a case of a 53 year-old woman with an aneurysm of the persistent sciatic artery (PSAA) presenting an acute iatrogenic buttock hemorrhage. Treatment was ligation of internal iliac artery and ileopopliteal bypass after distal embolectomy. At present 88 cases, including this case, have been reported in the literature within about 150 years. (Turkish J Vasc Surg 2005;14(1):35-36). Keywords : Persistent sciatic artery, iatrogenic buttock hemorrhage, ileo-popliteal bypass