Embolization of renal artery for arteriovenous fistula by cardiothoracic and vascular surgery in Gorontalo: A case report

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a standard approach for treating complex and large kidney calculi (>2 cm). In rare cases (0.3-4.7%), vascular complication, such as arteriovenous fistula, results in persistent and continuous hematuria. Artery embolization is the first treatment of choice to stop the bleeding. An 18-year-old male was referred to our center with persistent and continuous hematuria after a PCNL procedure for renal calculi due to arteriovenous fistula. We performed a coil embolization using VortX coils in both feeding arteries to stop the bleeding. No complications were observed after the procedure. No hematuria was observed at three postoperative days. At 1-month follow-up at our outpatient clinic, the patient had no complaints and no hematuria was observed. In conclusion, this case was our first renal artery coil embolization and it was found to be a safe and effective approach to managing persistent and continuous hematuria post-PCNL in resource-limited setting.